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Treating Acids & Alkalies in Industrial Wastewater
Acids and alkalis are used as treatment chemicals in Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant. It is a method employed to reduce the disposal of used and excess acids and alkalis as hazardous waste. The use of acids and alkalis helps in reducing the problems associated with the disposal of acids and alkali waste streams.
Acids and alkalis are usually neutralized under control conditions. The neutralization of acids and alkalis often produces a solid residue that may also be toxic in nature. In few cases, gases are evolved that require treatment for the gas stream.
Waste streams containing hard ions, readily loses its hardness through de-ionisation process in the accumulation of precipitated calcium and magnesium salts. This precipitation, further cause severe damage to pipes and can, in most cases may lead to blockage of disposal pipes. Therefore, treatment of the wastewater is carried by concentration of de-ionisation waste waters and disposed to landfill.
Activities that produce suitable use acids and alkalis comprises curing baths, rinse waters, metal plating activities and operations, battery shop effluents and boiler cleaning operations. Moreover, other expired shelf-life materials can also be used as chemicals for the treatment of industrial waste waters. These acids replace chemicals such as sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide in chromic reduction, cyanide oxidation, metal precipitation, and neutralization process in an Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant.
The Process
Before initiating the use of acids and alkalis for waste water treatment, certain tests are performed to establish the feasibility of each waste stream. Also, the processes taking place in an Industrial Waste Water Treatment Plant are evaluated to ensure that the addition of secondary use chemicals in waste water does not interfere with the design and operation of the plant. Special care is taken to ensure that the program operates without disturbing the normal shop operations.
If the materials used are viable, then the lab establishes mixture ratios for the plant operator. This plant operator then employ the use of secondary use chemicals in the processing of waste water.
The use of secondary use chemicals in the treatment of waste water decrease the amount of hazardous chemicals disposed as waste. However, acids and alkalis are not used for the final pH adjustment before discharge because of the quantity of metals found in waste streams. The plant stocks a sufficient quantity of chemicals to be used during shortage of waste and final neutralisation.
Benefits of Acids and Alkalis:
Eliminates the dispose of hazardous waste.
Reduces the amount of commercial chemicals stored and the problems associated with the purchase and storage of these chemicals.
Disadvantages:
Use of acids and alkalis decrease the amount of waste water that has to be treated in one batch since they add to the volume in the plant. To avoid this problem, the facility needs to keep a stock of acids and alkalis in sufficient quantities.
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